Chondral Injuries and Defects

Chondral injuries and defects are damaged areas of the cartilage covering the hip joint (where the femur and socket of the pelvis join together). Cartilage is a tough, fibrous material that cushions stress placed on the hip joint and smoothes the movement of bones against one another.  Unlike other tissues of the body, once cartilage is damaged, it cannot heal or regenerate itself.

Cause of injury

Chondral injuries can occur from trauma or repetitive stress in the hip joint. Ultimately, the cartilage begins to wear thin and can fracture or tear away from the bone.

Signs and Symptoms

Pain and reduced range of motion are two common symptoms of chondral defects of the hip.  In addition, pain often occurs with damage to cartilage in the hip joint. Some individuals experience minor pain, while others are completely debilitated while performing various types of movement.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing hip chondral injuries and defects requires a thorough examination by an Orthopedic Surgeon.  Often, additional tests, such as X-rays or an MRI are necessary for proper diagnosis.

Treatment

Depending on the severity of the injury, treatment may involve modification of activity (best if guided by a physical therapist) or one of the following surgeries or procedures.

Arthroscopic surgery: Arthroscopic surgery may be required to repair damaged cartilage.  This type of surgery generally involves trimming away small flaps of loose cartilage or washing out small pieces of bone and/or cartilage floating in the joint.

Microfracture surgery:  Microfracture surgery may be necessary to restore thin or lost cartilage.

Autologous Cartilage Implantation (ACI): ACI is a widely used technique that involves implanting harvested cartilage, from the patient or a cadaver, into the defective area.

Matrix-induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI): MACI involves transplanting chondrocytes (the precursors of cartilage) onto a layer of collagen before it is implanted into the hip.

Whether choosing surgery or activity modification, it’s important to work with a physical therapist to develop a rehabilitation plan and learn how to minimize hip pain. A therapist can provide exercises to reduce or eliminate the origin of pain and suggest ways to avoid additional injury.

For more information, e-mail info@vvmc.com.

To make an appointment, call Howard Head Sports Medicine at (888) 652-7640.